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TIME: Almanac 1995
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TIME Almanac 1995.iso
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<text id=91TT2051>
<title>
Sep. 16, 1991: The Tactics Of Tantrums
</title>
<history>
TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1991
Sep. 16, 1991 Can This Man Save Our Schools?
</history>
<article>
<source>Time Magazine</source>
<hdr>
SPORT, Page 64
The Tactics Of Tantrums
</hdr><body>
<p>For some athletes, getting mad is a way to do better than get even
</p>
<p> Over the years, Jimmy Connors has treated spectators to
phenomenal displays of tennis and temper--and at the U.S. Open
last week, he exhibited both again. In the second set of a match
against Aaron Krickstein, Connors flared up when the umpire
overruled a linesman and called one of his passing shots wide.
In a one-minute tantrum, the 39-year-old, five-time Open winner
called the offending official "a bum," "a son of a bitch" and
"an abortion." From then on, Connors played brilliantly, and he
took the 4-hr. 41-min. match in a tempestuous tie breaker,
before advancing again three days later.
</p>
<p> The abuse, though it drew no penalty from Open officials,
appalled many onlookers. Some longtime Connors watchers,
however, recognized that such displays may be an integral, even
calculated, part of Connors' game. "The world may see a spoiled
brat," observes David Pargman, a sports psychologist at Florida
State University, in Tallahassee, "but some elite athletes turn
on the anger strategically."
</p>
<p> In sports ranging from baseball to football to hockey,
agrees Cal Botterill, a psychologist who works with the Chicago
Blackhawks, "the very best athletes can use their emotions--and anger is one of them--to push their performance up." In
fact, a baseball adage has it that managers prefer players who
get mad. Anger steps up the body's pitch: blood pressure rises,
heart and respiration rates quicken, and adrenaline surges. That
may sharpen performance by heightening alertness, boosting
energy and speeding up reactions.
</p>
<p> Some athletes use hostile emotions to catapult themselves
into fiercer play. Toronto Blue Jays pitcher Dave Stieb is one.
"It might allow me to throw my next pitch harder or concentrate
harder," he says. Others cultivate anger as part of their game
preparation. Sports psychologist Bruce Ogilvie of Los Gatos,
Calif., recalls that one great football defensive end, now
retired, worked himself up for Sunday competition by starting
to fantasize on Thursday that his opponent had raped his wife.
</p>
<p> Men more than women seem to draw on anger as a tool, but
it is decidedly double-edged. In a sport like golf, which
depends on fine motor control, rage can spell disaster. In
football, anger may help power up a blitzing lineman, but it can
impair a quarterback's judgment.
</p>
<p> Some experts believe anger is a vastly overrated asset.
Says Jerry May of the University of Nevada at Reno: "It leads
to inconsistent results. Anger can tighten muscles and increase
the risk of injury." May, who chairs the U.S. Olympic Sports
Psychology Committee, makes an analogy with sex. "To respond
optimally, you must be excited but relaxed. You need that
feeling to excel in sports as well." St. Louis Cardinals pitcher
Bob Tewksbury agrees. "The more I try to have fun and laugh
about situations, the better I perform," he says. So far this
year, Tewksbury has won nine games and lost ten.
</p>
<p> By Anastasia Toufexis. With reporting by Ratu Kamlani/New
York and Elizabeth Taylor/Chicago
</p>
</body></article>
</text>